2001年英语专业八级考试答案及解析

         考试听力原文
　　PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
　　SECTION A TALK
　　The World Bank is one of the major channels through which development aid i s passed from industrial west to the poor and developing nations of the world. I ts scale of operations is vast, which is why its lending program exceeds 7 billi on a year, and its work force numbers about 4500. In the last decade important c hanges have taken place in the size of the bank’s operations and in the emphasi s of its lending policies. What immediately strikes anyone looking at the lending figures over the last 10 years is the tremendous expansion in the bank’s loan p rogram. This has increased from 1 billion to nearly 7 billion. The figure includ es hard loans, which are made at the current rate of interest, and soft loans, w hich are allocated to poor countries at concessionary rates, and usually channel led through the bank’s affiliate—the International Development Association.
　　In deciding the emphasis of its lending policy, the bank has had to take i nto account the population explosion which is occuring in many poor countries of the world. It is a fact that the fertility rate of the poor countries is often very high. This is one of the main reasons for these countries remaining poor. U nfortunately, wide-ranging country section programs do not usually reduce this r ate because this was a strong and deeply rooted tradition among people in these countries to have big families. What the bank discovered was that there was a li nk between economic and social development on the one hand, and reduction of fer tility rate on the other. Thus by improving basic health services, by introducin g better nutrition, by increasing literacy, and by promoting more even income di stribution in a poor country, a lower and more acceptable fertility rate will be achieved. This advanced thinking persuaded the bank to change its overall lend ing strategy,(略,内容不完整，给你带来的困扰请见谅．)
　　PAPER ONE
　　PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
　　SECTION A TALK
　　1.参考答案：A
　　【问句译文】世界银行运行系统变大系统的改变指的是怎样？
　　【试题解析】本题为细节题。
　　【仔细解答】解答本题的重要句是“What immediately strikes anyone looking at the len ding figures over the last 10 years is the tremendous expansion in the bank’s lo an program.”由此可知，选项A为精确参考答案。
　　2.参考答案：C
　　【问句译文】是怎样使得银行改变其借贷政策？
　　【试题解析】本题为细节题。
　　【仔细解答】录音在提及银行借贷政策的改变时说“Thus by improving basic health servi ces, by introducing better nutrition, by increasing literacy, and by promoting m ore even income distribution in a poor country, a lower and more acceptable fert ility rate will be achieved. This advancing thinking persuaded the bank to chang e　its overall　lending strategy．”这里提到了一些改变贫穷国家现状的措施，由“a lower and more acceptable”可知，从根本上促使政策变革的原因应为选项C。
　　3.参考答案：Ｄ
　　【问句译文】银行借贷政策难点的改变意味者银行将会怎样？
　　【试题解析】本题